The Identification of Chemical Compound and Antibacterial Activity Test of Kopasanda (Chromolaena Odorata L.) Leaf Extract Against Vibriosis-Causing Vibrio harveyi (MR 275 Rif) on Tiger Shrimp

Abstract

Kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L.) R.M King and H. Rob were classified as blossoming bush species in the Asteraceae family. An empirical study showed that kopasanda (C. odorata L.) leaf had been used by the embankment farmers at South Sulawesi Province to eradicate Vibriosis which caused death for tiger prawn (P.monodon Fabr.). The objective of research was to understand the bioactive compound that was contained within kopasanda (C. odorata L.) leaf extract and its antibacterial activity against V. harveyi. Result of identification showed that the presence of phenolic, flavonoid, alkaloid, and steroid. Result of the extraction of 500 g kopasanda (C. odorata L) leaf powders with methanol solvent was producing 81.010 g methanol extracts. Its antibacterial test against V. harveyi indicated that there was an ability to prevent the growth of V. harveyi. The partition of 50 g methanol extract with ethyl acetate was resulting in 29,605 g ethyl acetate extract. The residue was partitioned with n-hexane which produced 9,575 g n-hexane. These three extracts were subjected to the test of antibacterial activity against V. harveyi. Result of antibacterial activity test showed that the methanol extract was producing the highest preventive zone, which was 19 mm. It was followed by 9 mm from the ethyl acetate extract, while n-hexane extract did not show a preventive zone at all. The test indicated minimum inhibitory levels (MIC), supporting the conclusion that the kopasanda (C.odorata L.) leaf extract inhibited the growth of V. harveyi active with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0,625 mg / mL.