Journal of Asian Development
The Development of Time Banking in Hong Kong
Abstract
This literature review paper examined the development of time banking in Hong Kong. Time banking is a system of transaction using time. Members of a time bank can earn time credits through work which they can spend these credits later. Time banking has become an international movement with participants included people in different age groups, local businesses, staff from participating organizations and even the organizations themselves. This diversity of time banking systems in different areas showed modifications of time banking systems can increase their uses, functions and effectiveness, and also can improve their versatility so as to provide tailor-made applications on different problems in different situations. Although around half a century has passed after the first time bank appeared (Miller, 2008), there was only one time bank in Hong Kong involving the elderly care service and the number of participants were less than 200 (Tsui, 2018; Ho, 2018; Lee, 2018). To improve this situation it is necessary to see whether it is possible to modify the present time banking system so that more extensive and effective applications can be provided. The present paper will address this gap of knowledge through proposing a time banking system on young people with the novel time credit multiplier concept with an aim to alleviate the serious and ever increasing manpower shortage problem of the elderly care services in Hong Kong.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
B. B. C. (2010). Minister hails Japan care scheme. BBC News UK. 30 October 2010.
Bretherton, J. and Pleace, N. (2014). An Evaluation of the Broadway Skills Exchange Time Bank. Centre for Housing Policy, University of York. [Online] Available: https://www.york.ac.uk/media/chp/documents/2014/Broadway%20Time%20Bank%20Final%20Report%201%20May%202014.pdf (September 7, 2019).
Cahn, E. and Rowe, J. (1992). Time Dollars: The New Currency that enables Americans to turn their hidden resource-time-into personal security & community renewal. Emmaus, PA: Rodale Press.
Cahn, E. (2011). Time Banking: An Idea Whose Time Has Come? Yes Magazine. November 17.
Census and Statistics Department (2014). 2014 Report on Annual Earnings and Hours Survey. Report on Annual Earnings and Hours Survey. [Online] Available: http://www.statistics.gov.hk/pub/B10500142014AN14B0100.pdf (September 7, 2019).
Census and Statistic Department (2017). Hong Kong Population Projections 2017-2066. [Online] Available: http://www.statistics.gov.hk/pub/B1120015072017XXXXB0100.pdf (September 7, 2019).
Chief Executive (2017). Policy Agenda, The Chief Executive’s 2017 Policy Address, The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. [Online] Available: https://www.policyaddress.gov.hk/2017/eng/pdf/Agenda.pdf (September 7, 2019).
Chung, K. (2017). Elderly in Hong Kong encouraged to volunteer, in return for care later, in ‘time bank’ projects. South China Morning Post. 11 November, 2017. [Online] Available: https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/community/article/2119436/elderly-hong-kong-encouraged-volunteer-and-later-get (September 7, 2019).
Ho, S. Y. (2018). 長者互助 社福機構辦「時間銀行」織福。 獨媒報導 11, July, 2017. [Online] Available: https://www.inmediahk.net/node/1058250 (September 7, 2019).
Labour Department (2013). Policy Study on Standard Working Hours - An Overview. Hong Kong: Government Logistics Department. [Online] Available: http://www.labour.gov.hk/eng/plan/pdf/swh/swh_overview.pdf (September 7, 2019).
Lee, K. K. (2018). 照顧老人時數 未來提取自用 時間銀行締互助社會。晴報. 19 March, 2018. [Online] Available:
https://skypost.ulifestyle.com.hk/article/2026122/%E7%85%A7%E9%A1%A7%E8%80%81%E4%BA%BA%E6%99%82%E6%95%B8%20%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86%E6%8F%90%E5%8F%96%E8%87%AA%E7%94%A8%20%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C%E7%B7%A0%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83 (September 7, 2019).
Madaleno, M. (2012). Time-banking offers hope to the dispossessed youth of Europe. New Statesman. 29 August, 2012.
Marks M. B. (2012). Time banking service exchange systems: A review of the research and policy and practice implications in support of youth in transition. Children and Youth Services Review. 34, 1230–1236.
Miller J. (2008). Teruko Mizushima: Pioneer Trader in Time as a Currency. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific 17. [Online] Available: http://intersections.anu.edu.au/issue17/miller.htm (September 7, 2019).
Seyfang, G. (2001). Re-stitching the social fabric: one favour at a time. Town and Country Planning. 90(9), pp. 251-253.
Seyfang, G. (2004). Time banks: rewarding community self-help in the inner city? Community Development Journal. 39(1), 62-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdj/39.1.62
Simon, M. (2010). Your Money or Your Life: Time for Both. Gloucestershire: Freedom Favours, 110-115.
Sparks K., Cooper C., Fried Y. and Shirom A. (1997). The effects of hours of work on health: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. (70), 391–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1997.tb00656.x
Spurgeon A., Harrington J. and Cooper C. (1997). Health and safety problems associated with long working hours: A review of the current position. Occupational Environmental Medicine. 54(6), 367-375.
Thoele, A. (2012). Swiss city set to launch elderly care "bank". [Online] Available: https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/swiss-city-set-to-launch-elderly-care--bank-/32209234 (September 7, 2019).
Time Dollar Institute. (2004). The time dollar how-to manual: A comprehensive guide to creating and running your time dollar exchange. Washington, DC.
Tsui, K. S. (2018). 將軍澳首推「時間銀行」長者做義工換服務：有人幫不用入老人院。 香港 01. 17 July, 2018. [Online] Available:
https://www.hk01.com/%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80%E5%B0%88%E9%A1%8C/211375/%E5%B0%87%E8%BB%8D%E6%BE%B3%E9%A6%96%E6%8E%A8-%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C-%E9%95%B7%E8%80%85%E5%81%9A%E7%BE%A9%E5%B7%A5%E6%8F%9B%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99-%E6%9C%89%E4%BA%BA%E5%B9%AB%E4%B8%8D%E7%94%A8%E5%85%A5%E8%80%81%E4%BA%BA%E9%99%A2 (September 7, 2019).
Wikipedia (2018). Time-based currency. [Online] Available: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-based_currency (September 7, 2019).
Working Group on Elderly Services (2017). Elderly Services Programme Plan. [Online] Available: http://www.elderlycommission.gov.hk/en/download/library/ESPP_Final_Report_Eng.pdf (September 7, 2019).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5296/jad.v5i3.15440
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Asian Development
Journal of Asian Development ISSN 2377-9594 E-mail: jad@macrothink.org
Copyright © Macrothink Institute
To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'macrothink.org' domains to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', please check your 'spam' or 'junk' folder.