Treatments for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Inoculated Bean Seeds and Effects on Health and Physiological Quality

Abstract

Considering the importance of bean cultivation, the objective was to prove the effectiveness of the seed microbiolization method in the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss) on black bean seeds (cv. IPR Tuiuiú), inoculated by the water restriction method. The treatments were fungicide methyl thiophanate + fluazinam (350.0 g L^-1 + 52.5 g L^-1); Trichoderma asperellum BV-10 (1.0 x 10¹⁰ viable conidia mL^-1); T. harzianum strain CCT 7589 (1 x 10⁹ CFUs L^-1); Bacillus subtilis BV-02 (minimum 3.0 x 10⁹ CFU mL^-1); B. amyloliquefaciens isolated BV03 (minimum 3.0 x 10⁹ CFU L^-1); Positive control (seeds exposed to Ss); Negative control (NC) + fungicide; NC + T. asperellum; NC + T. harzianum; NC + B. subtilis; NC + B. subtilis; and NC (PDA medium plus restricting). To verify the effects on germination, vigor, and the health of bean seeds, and seedling emergence in the field. Microbiolization with T. asperellum and T. harzianum, provides improvement in germination, vigor, and health, but is not superior to fungicide treatment. Bacillus subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens, in seeds not inoculated with the pathogen, produce the best results for green and dry mass (g). These may be used in the integrated management of white bean mold.