Socio-Cultural Aspect of Violence and Effects on Peace Settlement in Sectarian Conflict Areas of Pakistan (A Case Study of Hangu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)

Abstract

This research study deals with socio-cultural factor of sectarianism in connection with peace. A sample size of 279 respondents was randomly selected of those respondents who belong to Shia and Sunni community in the three selected villages in District Hangu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Frequencies distribution of data was conducted to know comprehensively about data layout. Moreover, Chi square (χ2) statistics was used to determine the level of association between dependent variable i.e. Perception about Peace with the independent variables (Socio Culture Factors). Simple liner regression model was applied to measure the dependence of one variable (dependent variable) upon other variable(s) (independent variable(s). The results disclosed that peace as the main demand (89.2%) of the people. While at bi-variate level social differences (p= .000), spreading fake rumors and issues (p=.000) in the influence of foreign states (p=.000), External interference also destroyed peace by implementing their religious ideology (p=.000). The overall model was discovered highly significant which shows that Socio Culture Factors has direct effect on peace of the community The study recommends that peace can be restored in the area on the sustainable basis of media, political parties and religious persons play a positive role. There should be strict ban on hate motivated speeches and literature, along with an eye on both the internal and external forces disturbing peace in the area as well as coordination and cooperation among the rival groups can further strengthen the process.