The Influence of Individual Factors on HIV Testing Rates Among Men in Northern Tanzania

Abstract

HIV testing plays a crucial role in care and management, serving as the first step for individuals to learn their HIV status and potentially begin antiretroviral therapy. This study examines trends and challenges related to HIV testing and individual factors like education, marital status, and occupation to enhance testing rates and control the HIV epidemic. A cross-sectional study evaluated HIV testing services (HTS) usage among men in Dodoma Urban, Ikungi District, and Babati Urban, collecting data through structured questionnaires from 378 men randomly selected at health facilities. SPSS was used to analyze the data to get descriptive and inferential findings. Results indicated significant improvements in HIV testing following the introduction of male-friendly health services, with annual testing for men standing at 77%. Younger men (under 35) had a higher testing rate of 58%, compared to 42% for those aged 35 and older (Chi- sq = 162.542, P = 0.000). Education level was crucial; 91.2% of men with secondary education or higher were tested, compared to 75.6% of those with primary education and 51.3% with no education. Married men had an 82.4% testing rate, while unmarried men tested at 78.5%. Occupation also influenced behavior; 84.7% of self-employed and 80.5% of employed men got tested, compared to 58.6% of unemployed men. The findings underscore the need for targeted outreach in HIV testing. The approach should consider education, marital status, and occupation being essential for promoting early detection and better healthcare outcomes.