Beyond the Scissors: CRISPR-Cas9's Precision in CAR-T Cell Therapy

Abstract

CRISPR-Cas9 has been revolutionary for editing genes by offering unprecedented precision and versatility in manipulating DNA sequences. This revolutionary tool finds wide applications in medicine, and biotechnology. This paper reviews the remarkable impact of the CRISPR-Cas9 tool on the advancement of one of the newest breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy: CAR-T cell therapy. An example of CRISPR-Cas9 repercussions in biomedical science is Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy which represents a groundbreaking advancement in cancer treatment, harnessing the power of the patient's own immune system to fight cancer (Mitra et al. 2023). This paper discusses that CRISPR-Cas9 has the potential to increase both the power and safety of the CAR-T cell therapy via correcting CAR sequence, creating a more robust car that can stay with the patient longer and become more functional as well as the divergent mechanisms of tumour resistance. We further discuss it as a tool for one-day production of "off-the-shelf" CAR-T cells, thus making it less costly and reachable for patients who are a good match with this approach. Additionally, we look into the broader influence of CRISPR-Cas9 in biomedicine such as its participation in the identification of disease mechanisms and the development of new therapies. At last, this article discusses the ethical issues and regulatory aspects of using CRISPR-Cas9 in humans. By giving an all-inclusive synopsis of the current developments and future trends, this review aims to reveal the potent nature of CRISPR-Cas9 in the advancement of CAR-T cell therapy and to push the cancer treatment early detection forward.