The Resistance of Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus (BYMV) in Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) with Diallel Analysis

Abstract

Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) has been recognized as one of the major economic
disease and reduced a considerable destructive in seed yield, particularly, when plants were
infected at the beginning stage of faba bean growing regions of Egypt. Little genetic
information is available on the resistance of Vicia faba to BYMV disease. Hence, this study
was conducted to determine the relative importance of general (GCA) and specific (SCA)
combining ability, maternal and non-maternal reciprocal effects on resistance to BYMV in
selected faba bean genotypes through mechanical transmation of BYMV. A complete diallel
mating scheme including reciprocals of six faba bean genotypes varied in their resistant and
susceptible to BYMV were evaluated in the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez
Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt during two seasons (2008/09 & 2009/010). The results
show that the combining ability analysis revealed that both additive and non additive gene
effects were present at this juncture and played a major role in the genetic resistance to
BYMV. The crosses between the resistant and susceptible faba bean genotypes showed
intermediate disease reaction to the BYMV, suggesting a polygenic system of resistance to
BYMV. Significant maternal and specific reciprocal differences among the parents and their
crosses indicated that maternal inheritance is involved in the reaction of faba bean genotypes
to BYMV. Also, significant genotype x years interaction suggested a deficient in stability in
the development of virus pathogen on faba bean plants. Therefore, recurrent selection would
be appropriate for accumulating genes for resistance to BYMV in V. faba and progeny
performance may be based on their parent's performance per se.