Understanding STEM Education Through the Lens of Science Teachers in Thailand

Abstract

STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education is essential in preparing students for a rapidly evolving, technology-driven world. It fosters interdisciplinary learning, problem-solving, and innovation while promoting student engagement through hands-on experiences. However, challenges such as limited resources, inadequate teacher training, and curriculum constraints hinder its effective implementation. Simultaneously, youth volunteerism plays a vital role in community development, cultivating leadership, teamwork, and social responsibility among students. Integrating STEM education with volunteer activities presents an opportunity to enhance both academic and social competencies. This study investigates the perceptions and implementation of STEM education among science and mathematics teachers in Thailand, focusing on its role in promoting youth volunteerism. Sixteen teachers from Secondary School, Thailand participated through surveys and interviews. The findings highlight that while teachers recognize STEM's value in developing future-ready skills, challenges such as time constraints and institutional support limit its integration. Additionally, real-world STEM projects encourage civic engagement, yet structured programs remain underdeveloped. Teachers reported that students initially reluctant to engage in STEM activities became more motivated when involved in practical, community-based projects. To optimize STEM education and foster youth volunteerism, recommendations include enhancing professional development programs, providing institutional support, and designing curriculum frameworks that explicitly connect STEM learning with service-learning opportunities. Addressing these factors can help bridge the gap between academic knowledge and social impact, cultivating a generation of students who are both skilled professionals and responsible global citizens.