Challenges and Dilemmas of Digitalization in Philippine Education: A Grassroots Perspective

Abstract

The shift towards digitalization in the Philippine education system has highlighted opportunities and challenges, particularly at the grassroots level. This study explored the systemic barriers hindering digital learning, focusing on the lived experiences of educators, and students. Using a phenomenological research design, data were gathered through focus group discussions and interviews with participants from underserved areas, including educators from geographically isolated regions and students facing socio-economic challenges. Thematic analysis revealed three major findings: (1) significant infrastructure and technological barriers, including poor internet connectivity, lack of devices, and inadequate school resources; (2) socio-economic disparities that exacerbate the digital divide, affecting both students’ academic performance and teachers’ instructional methods; and (3) dilemmas faced by educators and learners in adapting to digital methods, ranging from insufficient training to personal and systemic constraints. Recommendations include establishing a Unified Digital Education Ecosystem through a Public-Private Partnership model, integrating tools for teaching and learning, enhancing broadband infrastructure, and providing affordable devices. This study underscores the need for a holistic, inclusive approach to digitalization, promoting equity and efficiency in education while addressing the unique challenges of underserved communities. The findings aim to inform policy development and improve the implementation of digital education programs in the Philippines.