Development Techniques in Creating Augmented Reality Applications for Education Sustainability: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

The development of augmented reality (AR) technology as a teaching tool in education is expanding, as it can boost interest in learning and improve the visual understanding of abstract concepts. However, most application developments currently rely on marker-based techniques, which are based on existing research. Recognizing this research gap not only highlights an unexplored area but also indicates a promising direction for future research and sustainability in education. Therefore, this systematic literature review highlights the importance of utilizing markerless and 3D object recognition techniques in developing AR applications to enhance visual skills during the learning process. The Scopus database was used to identify eligible articles, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 25 articles from 2019 to 2023 met the criteria for final review, and they were categorized into three main themes: type of augmented reality technology, target subject, and theory and model used in developing AR applications for education. This study provides educational researchers and developers with a comprehensive understanding of the potential benefits of creating AR applications that utilize markerless and 3D object recognition techniques in education.